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All soil types and rock layers encountered are described in detail in the layer catalogue. This includes colour, grain size, consistency, moisture or strength as well as special features such as organic inclusions or degrees of weathering. The depth information that characterises the beginning and end of the respective layer is also noted. This information enables the geological situation to be precisely assigned to the drilling depths. In this way, a continuous record is created that can later be understood by third parties without knowledge of the borehole.

A carefully compiled strata catalogue is indispensable for construction projects in which soil conditions play a central role. Engineers and geologists use it to make decisions on foundations, waterproofing or the use of materials. In addition, it has an important function in environmental investigations, as pollutant displacements or groundwater flow directions can be better assessed. It is also a valuable tool in scientific research, for example in the reconstruction of geological time periods.

The stratigraphic log thus fulfils the task of depicting complex geological relationships in a clear and standardised way. It is not only a technical document, but also a means of visualising the subsurface in a transparent and comprehensible manner. Its quality is decisive for the informative value of all further analyses based on this data.

The preparation of strata catalogues is regulated in various standards in order to ensure uniformity and comparability. DIN 4022 (soil and rock characterisation), which ensures a systematic description of strata, provides essential specifications. DIN 4023 (drilling profile) also applies, as the strata catalogue and drilling profile are closely linked in terms of content. ISO 14688, which standardises the naming and classification of soils, is also important at international level. These standards form the basis for professional and standardised documentation.

A drilling profile is created in the form of a vertical section that depicts the layer sequence of the borehole. Typical features such as hatching, colours or symbols are used to differentiate between the various materials. Depth marks make it clear where a layer begins and ends so that the geological situation is reproduced exactly. This combination of graphic and metric elements enables quick orientation.

In practical terms, the drilling profile facilitates communication between experts. Civil engineers, geologists and experts can use the illustration to discuss what risks exist and what measures are required. The illustration is also helpful for clients or authorities, as it conveys complex geological conditions in an understandable form. The drilling profile thus becomes a link between technical accuracy and clear communication.

The drilling profile is also valuable from a scientific point of view. It provides data that can be used to analyse geological processes or to reconstruct the development of a region. By comparing several borehole profiles, it is possible to recognise large-scale structures and correlations that are not so obvious in pure text records. This makes it an important basis for research and teaching.

The standardised creation of drilling profiles is defined in standards. Particularly relevant are DIN 4023,, which regulates the graphical representation of drilling profiles, and DIN 4022,, which specifies the description of soil and rock materials. In addition, ISO 14688 is used, which contains internationally recognised rules for the classification of soils. These standards ensure that drilling profiles remain comparable regardless of project and region and can be used across disciplines.

The typical contents of a drilling log include details of the drilling equipment, the method used and the start and end times of the drilling. The depth reached, the drilling speed and special incidents such as obstacles or technical problems are also documented. In addition, information on auxiliary equipment such as flushing, pipework or accessories used is also included. This information provides a complete basis for a precise understanding of the drilling conditions at a later date.

In practice, the drilling log fulfils various tasks. On the one hand, it serves as quality assurance and can be used as legal proof if questions arise regarding proper execution. On the other hand, it provides engineers, geologists and clients with the basis for decisions on construction methods, safety measures or cost planning. Thanks to its clear structure, it also supports communication between all parties involved and thus contributes to the efficiency of a project.

The drilling log also has a firm place in scientific contexts. It provides comprehensible documentation that is indispensable for comparing different investigations. It also creates transparency, as it records not only the results but also the process by which they were obtained. In this way, it contributes to making geological data permanently usable and verifiable.

The preparation of drilling logs is regulated by standards to ensure standardisation and comparability. Of particular relevance is DIN 4021,, which contains clear specifications for the logging of boreholes. In addition, DIN 4022, is used to standardise the description of soil and rock materials. At international level, ISO 22475 is also used, which standardises geotechnical exploration, sampling and groundwater measurements. These standards ensure that drilling logs are technically robust and internationally understandable.