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All soil types and rock layers encountered are described in detail in the layer catalogue. This includes colour, grain size, consistency, moisture or strength as well as special features such as organic inclusions or degrees of weathering. The depth information that characterises the beginning and end of the respective layer is also noted. This information enables the geological situation to be precisely assigned to the drilling depths. In this way, a continuous record is created that can later be understood by third parties without knowledge of the borehole.

A carefully compiled strata catalogue is indispensable for construction projects in which soil conditions play a central role. Engineers and geologists use it to make decisions on foundations, waterproofing or the use of materials. In addition, it has an important function in environmental investigations, as pollutant displacements or groundwater flow directions can be better assessed. It is also a valuable tool in scientific research, for example in the reconstruction of geological time periods.

The stratigraphic log thus fulfils the task of depicting complex geological relationships in a clear and standardised way. It is not only a technical document, but also a means of visualising the subsurface in a transparent and comprehensible manner. Its quality is decisive for the informative value of all further analyses based on this data.

The preparation of strata catalogues is regulated in various standards in order to ensure uniformity and comparability. DIN 4022 (soil and rock characterisation), which ensures a systematic description of strata, provides essential specifications. DIN 4023 (drilling profile) also applies, as the strata catalogue and drilling profile are closely linked in terms of content. ISO 14688, which standardises the naming and classification of soils, is also important at international level. These standards form the basis for professional and standardised documentation.

The graphical representation is a vertical section through the borehole. Different soil types and rocks are identified by standardised colours, patterns or symbols. In addition, depth information is used to mark the beginning and end of a layer and establish the connection to the actual borehole. This creates a vivid image that concisely complements the text information and in many cases even makes it easier to understand.

In practice, the drilling profile offers numerous advantages. Engineers can use the sequence of layers to assess which construction methods are suitable and where special precautions are required. It also has an important function for environmental assessments, as the permeability of soil layers or the location of groundwater can be seen directly. Clients in turn receive a compact and easily comprehensible overview with the drilling profile.

In addition to its immediate practical use, the drilling profile also plays an important role in research. It provides data that can be used for geological reconstructions and comparative analyses. It thus contributes to scientific documentation and creates a solid basis for understanding long-term developments in the subsurface. Its value therefore lies equally in its technical and scientific application.

There are clear standards to ensure that drilling profiles are comprehensible and comparable everywhere. Particularly relevant are DIN 4023,, which sets out specifications for the presentation of drilling profiles, and DIN 4022,, which regulates the labelling of soil and rock materials. At international level, ISO 14688 supplements these standards by specifying standardised rules for naming and classifying soils. These standards ensure uniformity and guarantee that drilling profiles can be used across regions and disciplines.

Typically, a drilling log contains information on the drilling rig, drilling method, start and end of the work and the depth reached. In addition, aids such as pipework or flushing are documented, as are unexpected incidents or technical difficulties. All data is organised chronologically so that the drilling progress can be tracked. The log therefore not only provides information about the result, but also about the conditions under which it was achieved.

In the construction industry, the drilling log is an important tool for assessing the subsoil and evaluating risks. Engineers and clients can use the documentation to select suitable construction methods and realistically calculate costs. At the same time, it serves as proof for authorities and insurance companies that the work was carried out properly and in accordance with applicable standards. In cases of conflict, it provides a reliable basis for clarification.

The drilling log also plays an important role in geoscientific research. It not only provides data on the layers encountered, but also documents the technical conditions under which these were obtained. This improves comparability with other boreholes and makes scientific statements more meaningful. The drilling log thus combines the practice of civil engineering with the methodology of research.

The formal design of drilling logs is regulated in the relevant standards. The relevant standard is DIN 4021,, which provides detailed specifications for the structure and content of drilling logs. In addition, DIN 4022 applies to the standardised addressing of soils and rocks in order to ensure uniform documentation. ISO 22475, which contains guidelines for geotechnical exploration, sampling and groundwater measurements, is relevant at international level. These standards ensure that drilling logs are technically correct, comparable and legally robust.