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In terms of content, the layer catalogue describes each layer encountered with its typical properties. These include visual characteristics such as colour, but also physical properties such as grain size, plasticity, moisture or strength. Special features, such as organic residues or traces of weathering, are also documented. The exact depth information, which marks the layer boundaries and enables clear spatial categorisation, is also crucial. This systematic recording creates a complete picture of the subsurface at the drilling point.

The importance of the strata catalogue is particularly evident in its practical application. Civil engineers use it to plan safe foundations or select suitable construction methods. It is also an important tool in the field of environmental investigations, as it provides information on groundwater movements or possible pollution. In geoscience, it also serves as a source for better understanding the geological development of a region.

To fulfil its purpose, the layer directory must be created with great accuracy. Each entry helps to create an overall picture that later influences far-reaching decisions. It is therefore not just a technical record, but an instrument that makes knowledge about the subsurface tangible and verifiable.

The standardised preparation of a strata catalogue is supported by relevant standards. Of particular importance is DIN 4022,, which provides detailed specifications for the systematic recording of soil and rock features. In conjunction with DIN 4023, a clear basis is created for the connection between text documentation and graphic visualisation. In addition, ISO 14688, applies, which defines internationally recognised criteria for the naming and classification of soils. This ensures consistent and professional documentation.

The graphical representation is a vertical section through the borehole. Different soil types and rocks are identified by standardised colours, patterns or symbols. In addition, depth information is used to mark the beginning and end of a layer and establish the connection to the actual borehole. This creates a vivid image that concisely complements the text information and in many cases even makes it easier to understand.

In practice, the drilling profile offers numerous advantages. Engineers can use the sequence of layers to assess which construction methods are suitable and where special precautions are required. It also has an important function for environmental assessments, as the permeability of soil layers or the location of groundwater can be seen directly. Clients in turn receive a compact and easily comprehensible overview with the drilling profile.

In addition to its immediate practical use, the drilling profile also plays an important role in research. It provides data that can be used for geological reconstructions and comparative analyses. It thus contributes to scientific documentation and creates a solid basis for understanding long-term developments in the subsurface. Its value therefore lies equally in its technical and scientific application.

There are clear standards to ensure that drilling profiles are comprehensible and comparable everywhere. Particularly relevant are DIN 4023,, which sets out specifications for the presentation of drilling profiles, and DIN 4022,, which regulates the labelling of soil and rock materials. At international level, ISO 14688 supplements these standards by specifying standardised rules for naming and classifying soils. These standards ensure uniformity and guarantee that drilling profiles can be used across regions and disciplines.

The drilling log contains a description of the equipment and methods used, information on the start and end of drilling and the time schedule. Special incidents such as technical faults, drilling obstacles or unexpected geological findings are also recorded. This is supplemented by information on drilling depth, drilling progress and the aids used in each case, such as flushing fluids or pipework. The result is a complete and structured record that allows precise reconstruction of the borehole.

The practical importance of a drilling log lies primarily in its function as proof. It serves clients and authorities as proof of proper execution and enables experts to make a well-founded assessment of the results. The log can also be used to prepare technical decisions, assess subsoil risks and track cost developments. In the event of a dispute, it represents legally relevant documentation that safeguards the quality and progress of the drilling.

The drilling log also has its value in research and education. It documents not only the immediate results, but also the conditions under which a borehole was drilled. This information is indispensable for correctly classifying geological data and making it comparable. In this way, the drilling log makes a significant contribution to ensuring the transparency and traceability of geological investigations.

Established standards and guidelines exist for the creation and structuring of drilling logs. Particularly relevant are DIN 4021 (drilling, drilling equipment, drilling methods, drilling logs), which provide specifications for systematic documentation. In addition, regulations such as DIN 4022 (Soil and rock characterisation) are used to ensure a uniform description of geological findings. International standards such as ISO 22475 (Geotechnical exploration and investigation - Sampling methods and groundwater measurements) also contain specifications that can be used in connection with drilling logs.