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All soil types and rock layers encountered are described in detail in the layer catalogue. This includes colour, grain size, consistency, moisture or strength as well as special features such as organic inclusions or degrees of weathering. The depth information that characterises the beginning and end of the respective layer is also noted. This information enables the geological situation to be precisely assigned to the drilling depths. In this way, a continuous record is created that can later be understood by third parties without knowledge of the borehole.

A carefully compiled strata catalogue is indispensable for construction projects in which soil conditions play a central role. Engineers and geologists use it to make decisions on foundations, waterproofing or the use of materials. In addition, it has an important function in environmental investigations, as pollutant displacements or groundwater flow directions can be better assessed. It is also a valuable tool in scientific research, for example in the reconstruction of geological time periods.

The stratigraphic log thus fulfils the task of depicting complex geological relationships in a clear and standardised way. It is not only a technical document, but also a means of visualising the subsurface in a transparent and comprehensible manner. Its quality is decisive for the informative value of all further analyses based on this data.

The preparation of strata catalogues is regulated in various standards in order to ensure uniformity and comparability. DIN 4022 (soil and rock characterisation), which ensures a systematic description of strata, provides essential specifications. DIN 4023 (drilling profile) also applies, as the strata catalogue and drilling profile are closely linked in terms of content. ISO 14688, which standardises the naming and classification of soils, is also important at international level. These standards form the basis for professional and standardised documentation.

The representation is usually a vertical section in which each layer is clearly identified by symbols, hatching or colours. Depth information at the layer boundaries enables the exact location in the subsurface to be assigned. This creates a visual overview that allows quick orientation, independent of extensive texts. The drilling profile thus becomes an indispensable tool for geological documentation.

In practice, the drilling profile supports engineers, geologists and experts in evaluating the subsoil. It provides information on the load-bearing capacity, groundwater conditions or special risks and facilitates the selection of suitable construction methods. It is also an easy-to-understand basis for clients or authorities to make comprehensible decisions. It thus combines technical precision with a high degree of clarity.

The drilling profile also plays an important role in research. It allows conclusions to be drawn about the formation history of a region, documents geological processes and creates comparability between different locations. In environmental and hydrogeology in particular, it provides crucial information about the layer structure and possible water pathways. The drilling profile thus adds scientific value to its purely technical use.

The creation of drilling profiles is subject to established norms and standards to ensure uniformity and comparability. In particular, DIN 4023 (drilling profile), which regulates the graphical representation, and DIN 4022 (soil and rock characterisation) for the uniform description of layers. In addition, international standards such as ISO 14688 are used to name and classify soils. These standards ensure that drilling profiles can be understood in the same way regardless of location and time.

The drilling log contains a description of the equipment and methods used, information on the start and end of drilling and the time schedule. Special incidents such as technical faults, drilling obstacles or unexpected geological findings are also recorded. This is supplemented by information on drilling depth, drilling progress and the aids used in each case, such as flushing fluids or pipework. The result is a complete and structured record that allows precise reconstruction of the borehole.

The practical importance of a drilling log lies primarily in its function as proof. It serves clients and authorities as proof of proper execution and enables experts to make a well-founded assessment of the results. The log can also be used to prepare technical decisions, assess subsoil risks and track cost developments. In the event of a dispute, it represents legally relevant documentation that safeguards the quality and progress of the drilling.

The drilling log also has its value in research and education. It documents not only the immediate results, but also the conditions under which a borehole was drilled. This information is indispensable for correctly classifying geological data and making it comparable. In this way, the drilling log makes a significant contribution to ensuring the transparency and traceability of geological investigations.

Established standards and guidelines exist for the creation and structuring of drilling logs. Particularly relevant are DIN 4021 (drilling, drilling equipment, drilling methods, drilling logs), which provide specifications for systematic documentation. In addition, regulations such as DIN 4022 (Soil and rock characterisation) are used to ensure a uniform description of geological findings. International standards such as ISO 22475 (Geotechnical exploration and investigation - Sampling methods and groundwater measurements) also contain specifications that can be used in connection with drilling logs.