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In terms of content, the layer catalogue describes each layer encountered with its typical properties. These include visual characteristics such as colour, but also physical properties such as grain size, plasticity, moisture or strength. Special features, such as organic residues or traces of weathering, are also documented. The exact depth information, which marks the layer boundaries and enables clear spatial categorisation, is also crucial. This systematic recording creates a complete picture of the subsurface at the drilling point.

The importance of the strata catalogue is particularly evident in its practical application. Civil engineers use it to plan safe foundations or select suitable construction methods. It is also an important tool in the field of environmental investigations, as it provides information on groundwater movements or possible pollution. In geoscience, it also serves as a source for better understanding the geological development of a region.

To fulfil its purpose, the layer directory must be created with great accuracy. Each entry helps to create an overall picture that later influences far-reaching decisions. It is therefore not just a technical record, but an instrument that makes knowledge about the subsurface tangible and verifiable.

The standardised preparation of a strata catalogue is supported by relevant standards. Of particular importance is DIN 4022,, which provides detailed specifications for the systematic recording of soil and rock features. In conjunction with DIN 4023, a clear basis is created for the connection between text documentation and graphic visualisation. In addition, ISO 14688, applies, which defines internationally recognised criteria for the naming and classification of soils. This ensures consistent and professional documentation.

A drilling profile is created in the form of a vertical section that depicts the layer sequence of the borehole. Typical features such as hatching, colours or symbols are used to differentiate between the various materials. Depth marks make it clear where a layer begins and ends so that the geological situation is reproduced exactly. This combination of graphic and metric elements enables quick orientation.

In practical terms, the drilling profile facilitates communication between experts. Civil engineers, geologists and experts can use the illustration to discuss what risks exist and what measures are required. The illustration is also helpful for clients or authorities, as it conveys complex geological conditions in an understandable form. The drilling profile thus becomes a link between technical accuracy and clear communication.

The drilling profile is also valuable from a scientific point of view. It provides data that can be used to analyse geological processes or to reconstruct the development of a region. By comparing several borehole profiles, it is possible to recognise large-scale structures and correlations that are not so obvious in pure text records. This makes it an important basis for research and teaching.

The standardised creation of drilling profiles is defined in standards. Particularly relevant are DIN 4023,, which regulates the graphical representation of drilling profiles, and DIN 4022,, which specifies the description of soil and rock materials. In addition, ISO 14688 is used, which contains internationally recognised rules for the classification of soils. These standards ensure that drilling profiles remain comparable regardless of project and region and can be used across disciplines.

The typical contents of a drilling log include details of the drilling equipment, the method used and the start and end times of the drilling. The depth reached, the drilling speed and special incidents such as obstacles or technical problems are also documented. In addition, information on auxiliary equipment such as flushing, pipework or accessories used is also included. This information provides a complete basis for a precise understanding of the drilling conditions at a later date.

In practice, the drilling log fulfils various tasks. On the one hand, it serves as quality assurance and can be used as legal proof if questions arise regarding proper execution. On the other hand, it provides engineers, geologists and clients with the basis for decisions on construction methods, safety measures or cost planning. Thanks to its clear structure, it also supports communication between all parties involved and thus contributes to the efficiency of a project.

The drilling log also has a firm place in scientific contexts. It provides comprehensible documentation that is indispensable for comparing different investigations. It also creates transparency, as it records not only the results but also the process by which they were obtained. In this way, it contributes to making geological data permanently usable and verifiable.

The preparation of drilling logs is regulated by standards to ensure standardisation and comparability. Of particular relevance is DIN 4021,, which contains clear specifications for the logging of boreholes. In addition, DIN 4022, is used to standardise the description of soil and rock materials. At international level, ISO 22475 is also used, which standardises geotechnical exploration, sampling and groundwater measurements. These standards ensure that drilling logs are technically robust and internationally understandable.